thomas more and margaret pole relationship

She was more likely arrested simply because of her maternal connection to Henry and Reginald, her sons, and perhaps the symbolism of her family heritage, the last of the Plantagenets. Towards the block I shall not go! Margaret Plantagenet, Countess of Salisbury (14 August 1473 - 28 May 1541), also called Margaret Pole, as a result of her marriage to Sir Richard Pole, was the only surviving daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, a brother of Kings Edward IV and Richard III (all sons of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York ), by his wife Isabel . She is a former faculty member of the Humanist Institute. In an effort to force their co-operation, Henry separated his wife and child, and Margaret who was Marys godmother offered to serve the young girl at her own expense. Most aristocratic women outlived their husbands, and once a woman was widowed she was able to assert her independence and have a say in her family affairs, while cultivating the trope of the defenceless widow in any dealings with the authorities. It is meant to contrast with the reality of European rule, divided by ideologies and greed and self-interest. This phrase has been interpreted as meaning Edward was of low intelligence; it only means that he was unworldly, and Higginbotham sees this. And the king did not force the issue. . This was not due to any dislike of the king. According to some stories, which are not accepted by many historians, she refused to lay her head on the block, and guards had to force her to kneel. Mr Buxton has returned to live quietly in Cranford following . And while this reasoning worked to replenish the royal treasury for Henry VII, it also provided the second Tudor king with a chance to curry popular favor when he in one of his first acts as Henry VIII imprisoned and later executed Edmund Dudley and Richard Empson, who were Mortons (and his fathers) tax collectors. * Thomas Stafford (1531-4 May 1557) who was captured and executed for High Treason in Scarborough. Whether the countess was up to this is hard to say, but later the Imperial ambassador was to declare that Mary regarded her as a second mother. But with him away from court there were outside influences on their relationship that neither brother could see coming. He worked eight years as undersheriff and proved himself an impartial judge and able administrator. Learning you may well have, his brother Montagu wrote to him, but doubtless no prudence nor pity. Reginald had compared himself to a surgeon ready to cut away diseased flesh from the body of England: not the most tactful metaphor, when your anointed king is dragging about with an ulcerated leg. He was a half-cousin of the first Tudor king, Henry VII; Richard Poles mother was a half-sister of, Reginald Pole, a cardinal and papal diplomat, last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury, Geoffrey Pole, who went into exile in Europe when accused of conspiracy by Henry VIII. It is only in adversity that Margaret shows herself, in the records of her interrogations, when she was a woman in her sixties, experienced, shrewd, hard to frighten. Stoke was a decisive victory. I decided to investigate anemometers, because I wanted to look at different ways of measuring wind speed. (Edward would have had a better right to the throne as son of Richards older brother.) Tragedy throws her into poverty and rebellion against the new royal family, luck restores her to her place at court where she becomes the chief lady-in-waiting to Queen Katherine and watches the dominance of the Spanish queen over her husband, and her fall. It is painted on a dateable oak panel, and the dates suit the presumed subject, but the artist is anonymous. Mores beginnings, however, hardly predicted his spectacular career. See me safe up, he told the lieutenant who escorted him, and for my coming down let me shift for myself.. Both men were enthusiastic Humanist scholars, but they parted ways with regard to the kings prerogative. London Review of Books, Margaret would have had a claim to the Earldom of Warwick, but the earldom was forfeited on the attainder of her brother Edward.[4]. More later memorialized her as uxorcula Thomae Mori; her gentle personality is attested to by Erasmuss letters, as he was a frequent visitor to Mores home. There was a new king, a handsome, athletic young man who had once been destined for the church. The sons of Edward IV, 11 and 13 years old, had been held in the Tower by their uncle Richard III, and last been seen by Londoners in the summer of 1483. But Lord Montagu attended Annes coronation as he would later attend her trial. Robert Bolt, A Man for All Seasons: A Play in Two Acts. Back in 1521, there had been a wobble in the family fortunes when the Duke of Buckingham, into whose family Ursula Pole had married, was executed for treason: Margarets eldest son, Henry Lord Montagu, had been imprisoned briefly, and her duties in the princesss household were suspended. On his accession he granted her an annuity of 100 a year and on 14 Oct 1513 he created her Countess of Salisbury and gave her the family lands of the earldom of Salisbury. Reginald Pole supported Henry VIII in 1529 trying to win support among theologians in Paris for Henrys divorce from Catherine of Aragon. A Bill of Attainder disinherited Margaret and her younger brother, Edward, and removed them from the line of succession. It was Gertrude Courtenay, Marchioness of Exeter, who claimed to be brittle and fragile; one of the most persistent of the aristocratic plotters against Henry, she was in trouble in 1533 for her contacts with Elizabeth Barton, the Nun of Kent, whose florid line in prophecy was discomfiting to the regime. Did she, as the regime alleged, burn the evidence that incriminated her? Susan Higginbotham. It states that Margaret refused to lay her head on the block, declaiming, "So should traitors do, and I am none". We come now to the great event of Henrys reign. After bearing More three daughters (Margaret, Elizabeth, Cicely) and one son (John), Jane died in 1511. She was later regarded by Catholics as such and was beatified on 29 December 1886 by Pope Leo XIII. Princess Mary But in 1520 Margaret was clearly in favor with the King and Queen when she was appointed governess of the Princess Mary. Not only did this mean that Margaret came of royal stock, but it meant that she came from the family that was historically opposed to the reign of the Tudors, a fact that would affect her throughout her life. Mortons tax philosophy was a marvel of inescapable logic: If the subject is seen to live frugally, tell him because he is clearly a money saver of great ability, he can afford to give generously to the King. Margaret is the main character of Samantha Wilcoxson's 2016 novel, Dwyer, J.G. * Walter Stafford (about 1539-after 1571 . Chapuys suggested to Emperor Charles V that Reginald marry Mary and combine their dynastic claims. Certainly Henry wanted Mores support. Her father was Shakespeares false, fleeting, perjured Clarence, who died in the Tower of London at the age of 29, attainted for treason and supposedly drowned in a butt of malmsey. Montagu, Exeter, and Margaret were arrested in November 1538. Soon he was acting as Henrys personal secretary and adviser, delivering official speeches, greeting foreign envoys, drafting treaties and other public documents, and composing the kings responses to Wolseys dispatches. The French ambassador said she was above eighty years old when Henry VIII had her beheaded, while the Imperial ambassador said she was nearly ninety. She was head of her family, a magnate with vast resources in men and money; any disaffection on her part was dangerous. The kings mother, Margaret Beaufort, was protective of young brides; her own body had been wrecked by a pregnancy at 13. In some versions, the plucky old girl refused to kneel at the block, and the headsman had to pin her down. He lived in relative poverty, for he held no office and relied solely upon the hundred pounds per annum he collected from a property rental. Afterwards, he made a botched suicide attempt. Chapuys wrote two weeks after the execution that one hundred and fifty witnesses were present for the execution, including the Lord Mayor of London. Richard Pole held a variety of offices in Henry VII's government, the highest being Chamberlain for Arthur, Prince of Wales, Henry's elder son. But for now he was out of Henrys reach, leaving his family as hostages. There wasn't any "relationship" as such. Link will appear as Hanson, Marilee. He died on 8 August 1420. Born 14 August 1473, Margaret was one of the few Plantagenets who had survived the Wars of the Roses She was the mother of . BORN: 1473. As Englands premier intellectual, Mores opinion mattered. Answer (1 of 16): Henry's break with Reginald Pole was the reason the Countess of Salisbury was in a situation to be executed in the first place, but the botched nature of the deed itself had rather more pedestrian origins. But Reginald stayed in Italy through the reign of Anne Boleyn supposedly preparing a learned statement on the kings case. In practice, pre-nuptial agreements, trusts and the legally sanctioned breach of entails created some flexibility. If Margaret played any part in the downfall of Henrys second queen, her role was so far behind the scenes that it has left no trace. As part of the evidence for the bill of attainder, Cromwell produced a tunic bearing the Five Wounds of Christ, symbolizing Margaret's support for the Church of Rome and the rule of her son, Reginald, and the king's Roman Catholic daughter, Mary. And so he was. Since Margaret and her brother, Edward, were debarred from the throne by their father's attainder, their uncle, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, was offered the crown and became king as Richard III. (1) EDWARD STAFFORD, THIRD DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM, eldest son of Henry Stafford, second Duke of Buckingham, was born at Brecknock Castle on 3 Feb. 1477-8. [15][16], On the morning of 28 May 1541, Margaret was told she was to die within the hour. Allida is tongue-tied with An Impossible Thing to Say by Arya Shahi, in which an Iranian American teen in Arizonafalls in love with the new girl at school, Shakespeare, and rap music while . In 1485, he was defeated and killed at the Battle of Bosworth by Henry Tudor, who succeeded him as Henry VII. Or was there, as she claimed, nothing worth burning? Most governments with a sense of self-preservation would have regarded the family with justified wariness, and likely acted against them sooner. Pierces book is thorough and scholarly, and her work is acknowledged in Higginbothams biography, which is less detailed, but serious and judicious. Get the best results here. The Tower's professional executioner was away, so a young novice was given the job. Katheryn Howard was fortunate. For highlights from the latest issue, our archive and the blog, as well as news, events and exclusive promotions. Margaret was looked after well in the Tower, with Henry VIII paying for her food, clothing and a woman to attend her. On 27th May, in 1541 Margaret Pole, niece of Richard III and Edward IV, was executed at the command of Henry VIII. However, we should not assume that Mortons politics had any profound impact upon More. Margarets husband Richard died in 1504, leaving her with five young children and very little land or money. Meanwhile, time was passing and a king used to instant obedience was determined to wait no longer. In 1554, Mary reversed the attainder against Reginald Pole, and he was ordained as a priest in 1556 and finally consecrated as Archbishop of Canterbury in 1556. The relationship between the King and Margaret wavered a bit in 1518 when Henry repossessed some of her Salisbury lands saying they belonged to the duchy of Somerset. She is a close student of the sources, and careful not to stuff her novels with false excitements. (Scientists aren't absolutely sure that people register no pain when the head is removed or that they lose consciousness instantaneously.) Two written eyewitness reports survived her execution: one by Marillac, the French ambassador, and the other by Chapuys, ambassador to the Holy Roman Emperor. Elizabeth of York, who married John De la Pole was George's sister - making Margaret Pole, Elizabeth's aunt. Margaret's own favour at Court varied. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. A Professional theme for architects, construction and interior designers He has been held up to schoolchildren for centuries as the most. Her father, Duke of Clarence and brother to Edward IV, switched sides several times during that long family battle over the crown of England. For these reasons, More had no cause to suspect his monarch of anything less than fealty to their shared faith. Her mother died after giving birth to a fourth child; that brother died ten days after their mother. Put a different hood on her, and she could be a man one of her own Plantagenet relations. But in the meantime, More had eighteen months of seclusion and study at his home in Chelsea. Thomas came from wealthy families, from trade (his father was a wealthy baker) and the law. With Margarets female peers, there is a gap between what they say and what they do, what they are and what they appear to be. But he himself did not sign the letter in which most of Englands nobles and prelates petitioned the pope to declare the marriage unlawful. She was, Pierce says, intelligent, unquestionably virtuous, traditionally pious, and possessed an easy familiarity with the convoluted etiquette of a royal court. In theory, after she married, a womans personal property and real estate were at her husbands disposal. It was not a bloodbath, but a selective cull, carried through by process of law. Thomas More was born on 7 February 1478 in London, the son of a successful lawyer. Margaret was stripped of her titles and imprisoned in the Tower of London. Margaret, warned of the threat he represented to her own interests and life, said: I trow he is not so unhappy that he will hurt his mother, and yet I care neither for him, nor for any other, for I am true to my Prince., At this point she was questioned rigorously by Henrys councillor William Fitzwilliam. Land or money captured and executed for High Treason in Scarborough a successful lawyer later regarded Catholics! Kings case for her food, clothing and a king used to instant obedience was determined to wait longer. Father was a wealthy baker ) and the headsman had to pin her down to., clothing and a woman to attend her trial neither brother could see coming see coming panel and! In London, the thomas more and margaret pole relationship of a successful lawyer hardly predicted his spectacular career issue, our and! 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