wallace fard muhammad disappearance

опубліковано: 11.04.2023

One of the few survivors who heard his first addresses states that he himself said: 'My name is W. D. Fard and I came from the Holy City of Mecca. ", so I don't know. [8][9], Fard Muhammad, acting as a door-to-door travelling salesman, spread his religious teachings throughout Detroit, and within three years grew the movement to a reported 8,0009,000 members in Detroit, Chicago, and other cities. He was known usually as Mr. Wali Farrad or Mr. W. D. Fard, though he used also the following names: Professor Ford, Mr. Farrad Mohammed, Mr. F. Mohammed Ali. [34][bettersourceneeded], As of 1920, Ford was still living in Los Angeles as 26-year-old Wallie D. Ford, with his 25-year-old wife, Hazel E. Ford. r d / (born February 26, 1877) was a co-founder of the Nation of Islam. WebMaster Fard's mysterious disappearance in 1934 led to an internal struggle for the leadership of the Nation of Islam among several contending factions. How did the founder of a group that recruited men like Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali slip under the radar so easily? Officially, the NOI believes Fard departed Earth via supernatural means. Otherwise he would chastise us with a severe chastisement until we did submit. In compliance with the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) requirements, some of these records are no longer in the physical possession of the FBI, eliminating the FBIs capability to re-review and/or re-process this material. Was he alive to see his organization rapidly grow during the civil rights movement of the 1960s? ." This cursory bit of knowledge was enough to satisfy my curiosity for many years, during which my contact with the Nation of Islam was limited to regularly buying bean pies from neatly dressed men standing on Livernois who were also peddling the groups newspaper, The Final Call. A World War I draft registration card for Wallie Dodd Fard[4] from 1917 indicated he was living in Los Angeles, unmarried, as a restaurant owner, and reported that he was born in Shinka, Afghanistan on February 26, 1893. She is employed despite her ethnicity because the managers are desperate for someone with a working knowledge of silk they rationalize the hire by discovering that her place of birth was Turkey, a Muslim country, although she is a practicing Greek Orthodox Christian. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture, Beynon stated that Fard's position on human sacrifice "was never made clear. rcel.id = 'rc_' + Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000); Fard, most scholars have relied on his teachings as passed down, and perhaps modified, by Elijah Muhammad. They must give up completely the use of stimulants, especially liquor. Their tainted, weakened blood was to blame for the white races immorality, which they frequently used to keep the black race in a perpetual state of half-freedom. The culprits vary depending on who's talking. Modern Nation of Islam theology is based upon the belief that Fard's teaching of Elijah Muhammad was fulfillment of scripture regarding God's teaching of an Apostle, where Fard is described as "God in Person", the "Messiah", and the "Mahdi". '"[59], Elijah Muhammad, who led the Nation of Islam from 1934 to 1975, heard Fard teach for the first time in 1931. He taught a unique form of religion which was based on Islam to members of the city's African-American population. [25] One such lesson concludes with the text: "This Lesson No. WebWallace Dodd Ford or Fard was also known as Wallace Fard Muhammad and he was the founder of the Nation of Islam in the 1930s in Detroit, MI. On the draft card, "Ford" is written in parentheses in a different hand. After Fard Muhammad disappeared in 1934, the leadership of the NOI was assumed by Elijah Muhammad. His fathers name is listed as Zaradodd Ford, his mothers name as Babbjie, and their birthplace as Madrid, Spain. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. The religion that God set forth for Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and muammad proclaimed by the latter in Arabia in the 7th century, which enjoys the, Pan-Islam Farrakhan, a high-ranking member of NOI at the time of Elijah Muhammads death, became disillusioned with the new direction and quit the NOI in 1978. [4], Fard was arrested again on January 20, 1926, for violation of the California Woolwine Possession Act,[39] and on February 15, 1926, for violation of the State Poison Act, for which he was sentenced to six months to six years at San Quentin State Prison on June 12, 1926. [60] Elijah Muhammad stated that he and Fard became inseparable between 1931 and 1934, where he felt "jailed almost" due to the amount of time that they spent together with Fard teaching him day and night.[60]. Sources: Immigration record of Khanialam Khan https://familysearch.org, FBI report on Wallace Fard Muhammad https://vault.fbi.gov, Mugshots of Wallace Fard Muhammad and Wallie Dodd Ford https://www.findagrave.com, Marriage record of Fred Dodd and Pearl Allen https://www.ancestry.com, Prison file of Wallie Dodd Ford https://www.ancestry.com, Draft registration card of Wallie Dodd Ford https://familysearch.org, Wallie D. Ford on the 1920 U.S. Census https://familysearch.org, Birth record of Fords son, Wallace Max Ford https://familysearch.org, Marriage record of Wallie Dodd Ford and Carmen Trevino https://familysearch.org, William D. Fard on the 1930 U.S. Census https://familysearch.org, Nation of Islam article refuting claims of Dodd and Muhammad being the same person https://www.noi.org. But it's a dead end - as far as anybody in the country, or indeed the world is concerned, Wallace Fard Muhammed no longer exists. A variety of other claims emerged; that he went to Hawaii, New Zealand, and even to the Middle East. rcel.type = 'text/javascript'; 5 (54) I think you're right - between Fard's own obfuscation of his past and the FBI's misinformation campaign, we might never know just who he really was. He claimed to have attended Oxford and the University of California, and then to have begun training as a diplomat for the kingdom of Hejaz (now a part of Saudi Arabia). It's the late 1950s and the civil rights movement is beginning to emerge. A relatively short leadership struggle ended with Elijah Muhammad assuming control of the NOI. In 1981, Pakistani scholar Zafar Ishaq Ansari researched Fard's life and claimed that Fard was identical with Muhammad Abdullah, a Pakistani Ahmadiyya Muslim. They say that he shall soon return in a spaceship and that then the existence of the wicked Yakubians and their rule will end, with a new utopia forged. He provided no known place of birth for his parents nor his date of immigration. [43] According to San Quentin records, Wallie D. Ford was born in Portland, Oregon, on February 25, 1891, the white son of Zared and Beatrice Ford, who were both born in Hawaii. [14] He influenced his successor Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X and many other Black Nationalist thinkers. [66] He was linked to the Pacific Movement of the Eastern World and Japanese agitators such as Satokata Takahashi, and Ashima Takis. He could very plausibly be Maori from New Zealand trying to pass as an Arab, or he could genuinely be Arabic. "[26] Wallace Fard Muhammad loved the black people of the United States of America. On the 1930 U.S. Census, a man listed as William D. Fard in Chicago, Illinois, gave his race as Mexican, his birthplace as Oregon, and his age as 32. There is No God but ALLAH. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. For some time, one W. D. Fard assumed leadership of the Moorish movement. Fards demise as the leader of the temple was brought upon him when, on Thanksgiving Day in 1932, one of his followers, Robert Harris, renamed Robert Karriem, committed a human sacrifice in order to bring himself closer to Allah. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. The past History shows that the ALMIGHTY ALLAH sends Prophets and Apostles for the people's Guide and Example, and through them HIS Mystery was Revealed. Practically none of them had been in the North prior to the collapse of the Marcus Garvey movement. 2 was given by our Prophet, W.D. Excellent write-up! Obviously, there are some major differences of opinion here. "The society cannot be blamed for anything he did," Ali was quoted in the Detroit News, November 23, 1932. Accordingly, he gave his followers Arabic names to replace those that had originated in slavery. Fard: Unveiling the Identity of the Founder of the Nation of Islam by Dr. John Andrew Morrow investigates theories of Fard's origin. "The people who actually met him, and the scholars who have studied him, have suggested that he was variously an African American, an Arab from Syria, Lebanon, Algeria, Morocco or Saudi Arabia a Turk, an Afghan, an Indo-Pakistani a Greek" Morrow writes. He also taught us to give up all evil doings and practices and do righteousness or be destroyed from the face of the earth. Fard had an East Indian appearance, and was a dapper dresser with perfect white teeth and dark eyes. [10], The annual Saviour's Day event is held in honor of Master Fard's birth. I taught him some lessons. He was a few years away from retirement so he was quiet old. Tracing Ford's link to Portland, the FBI determined he had married an 18-year-old Native American girl in 1914 called Pearl Allen. Fard referred to himself as a black man, despite his obviously light skin. He advocated community members to establish and own their own businesses,[13] eat healthy, raise families, and refrain from drugs and alcohol. He founded the religious movement in Detroit, Michigan, U.S., in 1930, and was its leader until 1934, his disappearance. WebIn late 1933 or in 1934 Fardmysteriously disappeared from public record. 1768, as located in "California, County Marriages, 18501952", index and images, FamilySearch (, FBI File SAC (100-26356) at 451473, SAC Chicago (100-33683), FBI File Director FBI (105-63642) at 248, SAC Chicago (100-33683), FBI File Director, FBI (25-330971) at 258, SAC Chicago (100-35635), Muhammad, Elijah (1964), Historic 1964 Buzz Anderson Interview, The Final Call, Muhammad, Jabril (1993) This is The One The Most Honored Elijah Muhammad We Need Not Look For Another, Vol. His main goal, he often stated, was to bring salvation to African-Americans, whom he often referred to as his lost uncle in the wilderness of North America.. Fard, which contains 40 questions answered by Elijah Muhammad, one of the lost found in the wilderness of North America February 20th, 1934."[25]. [31], From the FBI's response to the Freedom of Information Act request, Evanzz claimed that Fard, using the name Fred Dodd, married Pearl Allen in Multnomah County, Oregon, on May 9, 1914, with their first child, a son, born the next year. "Interaction Between 'Indigenous' and 'Immigrant' Muslims in the United States: Some Positive Trends." If in this way they obeyed Allah, he would take them back to the Paradise from which they had been stolen the Holy City of Mecca. Karriem cited a quotation from a book entitled Secret Rituals of the Lost-Found Nation of Islam, authored by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad, which read, The believer must be stabbed through the heart. This quote, as well as another stating, Every son of Islam must gain a victory from a devil. I did some digging and found an article in November 24, 1932 edition of the Escanaba Daily Press on the murder committed by Robert Harris. Fred gave his age as 23 and his birthplace as Europe. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Islam in the African AmericanExperience. Many people avoided him because of the wild things he sometimes said." Wallace Dodd Ford's race is the subject of some debate. WebWallace D. Fard aka Wallace Fard Muhammad / f . I don't know what to think. He also listed his race as Caucasian and his birthdate as February 26, 1893. He is always referred to reverently as the 'Prophet Elijah in Chicago. -, Press J to jump to the feed. The NOI consider Fard to have been a light-skinned black man. Among the files reviewed was that of Wallace Dodd Ford. The ATI was disbanded as ordered, though in name only; as the Nation of Islam, it continued to grow. Two sons of Elijah Muhammad have variously identified him either as an Ahmadiyyah missionary from Pakistan, a position supported by Imam Warith Deen Muhammad, or as an Arab of "Turko-Persian" origins, a view offered by Akbar Muhammad. [citation needed] Harris attended meetings of the Detroit chapter of the Nation of Islam, then also called the Order of Islam, and Allah Temple of Islam, where he was given the name of Robert Karriem. Members of the Nation of Islam believe that he was a light-skinned black man or mulatto who knew both the white and the black world and who was born on February 26, 1877. Submissions should outline a mystery and provide a link to a more detailed review of the case such as a Wiki article or news report. He had met Muhammad in prison where the two men plotted a confidence game in which followers were charged a fee to become Muslims. She claimed Ford was a New Zealander who had lived in Portland prior to coming to LA, and that she had one son by him, Wallace Dodd Ford Jr., who had died during World War II. Ugh, I've been going back and forth for the past ten minutes trying to decide if I think the pictures in link 1 and link 2 are of the same person. Trevino was a 22-year-old native of Mexico also living in Los Angeles. var rcds = document.getElementById("rcjsload_b42b6d"); He returned to Chicago, was arrested on charges of disturbing the peace through his preaching, and again returned to Detroit. [52] One theory postulated is that Fard was of Afghan heritage. ", Beynon refers to some of the lessons by Fard as an "oral tradition" that was recorded at the University of Islam as the "Secret Ritual of the Nation of Islam." In that year, he established in Detroit the Temple of Islm as well as the University of Islm, which was the temples school, and the Fruit of Islm, a corps of male guards. Leader of the Nation of Islam Elijah Muhammad was responsible for deifying Master Fard as Allah, or a black man as God, and declaring himself as Allah's Prophet or Messenger. Some blame the police, the FBI, or rival leaders within the NOI. Did Lee Harvey Oswald act alone? [56] In his 1962 book Black Nationalism: The Search for an Identity, Essien-Udom wrote: "Noble Drew Ali was shot and stabbed in his offices at the Unity Club in Chicago on the night of March 15, 1929 He was eventually released on bond, but a few weeks later, he died under mysterious circumstances. [44], On August 15, 1959, the FBI sent a story to the Chicago New Crusader newspaper, stating that Fard was a "Turkish-born Nazi agent who worked for Hitler in World War II". Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. "[62], Fard's lessons actually state that the "traders" referenced by Beynon, came to Africa, not Mecca.[63]. Much of what is known about him is shrouded in mystery, and it is difficult to separate fact from mythological stories. "[25] He went on to state: "Why is Stress made to the Muslims to Copy, the Minister, Elijah Muhammad's Answers? Abdullah himself denied that he was Fard, saying "It is all right to say I am Fard Muhammad for Wallace D. Muhammad. But the Nation of Islam themselves reject the FBI's findings. Despite a lack of fame, Mr. Fards legacy lives on to this day whether most of us know it or not. One of the Conference Members by the name of Mr. Osman Sharrieff said to the Eleven Members of the Conference: 'The Lost-Found Nation of Islam will not return to their original Land unless they, first, have a thorough Knowledge of their own.' [40] Barton-Ford gave a description of Wallie Ford, and described him as a Caucasian New Zealander. Two days later, Elijah Muhammads son, Wallace Muhammad, was named leader of the NOI, and quickly distanced himself from certain aspects of his fathers teachings most notably those denouncing whites as devils. Arian, posits that Muhammad arrived in Seattle, Washington, from Karachi, Pakistan in 1904 under the names Alam Khan and Khanialam Khan. Both during and after his life, some charged that Fard was a con man who used mystery and charisma to swindle poor blacks by selling them new Muslim names and stirring up racial animosity[15] by copying selected elements of other Muslim religious sects and ideologies that would fit his racial supremacist narrative. [20], With regard to Elijah Muhammad, Beynon's article stated: "From among the larger group of Muslims there has sprung recently an even more militant branch than the Nation of Islam itself. But he's certainly not black like he claimed. Fard, facing possible charges, confessed that his teachings were dangerous and that he would use his influence to disband the ATI. In 1933, Fard disappeared and a power struggle within the NOI emerged. The ships manifest shows Khans nationality listed as East Indian, and his age as 31 years old. See, The years 1891 and 1893 have both been cited by sources relying upon FBI records primarily. rcds.appendChild(rcel); Fards First Temple of Islam included the Fruit of Islam, a military-like organization of black male converts, a Muslim Girls Training Corps Class and a University of Islam which, despite its name, was mainly focused on elementary and high-school level education. His most trusted lieutenant and chief minister of Islam, Elijah Karriem Muhammad, the former Robert Elijah Poole of Sandersville, Georgia, eventually won control and reestablished the Nation of Islam in Chicago, with Temple No. He gained a reputation as a healer when his customers, after having adhered to the pork-free diet that Fard espoused, began noticing improvements in their health. In contrast to Fards story, Karl Evanzz, noted NOI authority and author of The Messenger: The Rise and Fall of Elijah Muhammad, has argued that Fard was born Wali Dodd Fard in New Zealand in 1893. Interestingly she had found a letter among his personal belongings addressed to one "Fred Dodd" of Portland. This was perhaps true, but the police recognized that Fard's preaching was encouraging extremist behavior and offered him an ultimatum: leave the city forever and avoid criminal charges. The Nation of Islam list Muhammads birthday as February 26, 1877, celebrated as a holiday called Saviours Day. [12], Fard taught a form of black exceptionalism and self-pride to poor Southern blacks during the Great Northward Migration at a time when old ideas of scientific racism were prevalent. This is the story that stuck. This new movement, known as the Temple People, identifies the prophet, Mr. W. D. Fard, with the God, Allah. [24], According to Beynon, Fard's followers grew to approximately eight thousand. Elijah Muhammad, who took the position of leader of the Nation of Islam after Fard's disappearance, railed agaist the media claims that Ford was Fard. Omissions? At some point, he established a rudimentary church and read from the Bible, drawing in a mainly black Christian audience. He was described as of medium height and build with brown eyes and black hair. They traced one Wallace Dodd Ford of Los Angeles, a violent man with a criminal record who worked at a local restaurant. See alsoAfrican-American Religions; Black Muslims; Islam; Malcolm X; Muhammad, Elijah Karriem; Muhammad, Warith Deen; Nation of Islam; Qur'an. Replies analysing and speculating over the mystery and possible explanations are encouraged. A variety of other claims emerged; that he went to Hawaii, New Zealand, and even to the Middle East. He further reported that he was a resident alien and citizen of Afghanistan. Master Fard's mysterious disappearance in 1934 led to an internal struggle for the leadership of the Nation of Islam among several contending factions. Wallace Fard came to Detroit in the early 1930s and, in-between peddling silks and perfumes, preaches a unique brand of Islam to the local black population. One member of the group, later declared mentally insane, allegedly participated in "human sacrifice" in 1932 in an effort to follow lessons regarding the sacrifice of devils. The Caucasians are the colored people, since they have lost their original color. Almost everyday we would have conversations (actually friendly debate) about his faith. The past is filled with elusive characters whose true identities tend to slip just beyond absolute description. All written records and documents that he or other people filled out on his behalf list him as white or caucasian. The NOI teaches that Wallace Fard Muhammad was an avatar of Allah, who came to America to educate on this forgotten history. To this day, nobody knows. Learn how your comment data is processed. In 1930, W.D. Either way, most people who have investigated his life have come to the conclusion that he was probably mixed race and may have emigrated from New Zealand or the Middle East. Some sects within the Nation of Islam believed and still believe that Fard was murdered. Karriem was found to be legally insane and was committed. In compliance with the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) requirements, some of these records are no longer in the physical possession of the FBI, eliminating the FBIs capability to re-review and/or re-process this material. Fards First Temple of Islam included the Fruit of Islam, a military-like organization of black male converts, a Muslim Girls Training Corps Class and a University of Islam which, despite its name, was mainly focused on elementary and high-school level education. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. And that she is number one to be destroyed. The FBI file states: "Our investigation of the NOI and Fard failed to establish his birth date and birth place." [23] "Within three years the prophet not only began the movement but organized it so well that he himself was able to recede into the background, appearing almost never to his followers during the final months of his residence in Detroit."[24]. Ford/Fard lied about his background so many times that it's hard to tell what's true and what's not. Others asserted that he had returned to Mecca to prepare for his eventual return. WebWallace Muhammad - Disappearance Disappearance In June 1934, Fard left Detroit for Chicago and disappeared without a trace. Hijrah Magazine (MarchApril 1985). Also, in many ways, the Nation of Islams depiction of him as God could only work and be credible to potential members if his origins remained obscure and his disappearance permanent.. Muhammad, Akbar. Most sources in the Nation of Islam claim that he hailed from The Holy City Mecca in Saudi Arabia, 1920 Federal U.S. Census, Los Angeles City, Enumeration District 206, Sheet 10B, California State Board of Health, County of Orange, Certificate of Marriage, Local Registered No. However, the date of retrieval is often important. In addition to his assertion that Fard was Ford, Evanzz also said that Fard was once a member of the Moorish Science Temple of America,[53][54] citing as a primary source the 1945 publication by Arna Bontemps and Jack Conroy titled They Seek A City. Powered by - Designed with theHueman theme. [25] Nation of Islam theology states that this "Messenger" is Elijah Muhammad. WebThe FBIs FOIA Library contains many files of public interest and historical value. Before arriving in Detroit in 1930, under the alias of David Ford, he attained a high rank in the Moorish Science Temple, a vaguely Islam-like religion that disbanded that same year. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. And documents that he would chastise us with a severe chastisement until we did submit, especially liquor to,! Pass as an Arab, or he could very plausibly be Maori from New Zealand, and its! Are at the top of the Moorish movement disappearance in June 1934 Fard. Muhammad for Wallace D. Muhammad the 'Prophet Elijah in Chicago successor Elijah Muhammad just beyond absolute description his list... Saviours Day parents nor his date of immigration to follow citation style rules, there are some differences! Michigan, U.S., in 1930, and described him as a black man Elijah. The proper functionality of our platform despite his obviously light skin without a trace with! 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Blame the police, the NOI emerged resident alien and citizen of Afghanistan and high school.... Up all evil doings and practices and do righteousness or be destroyed until 1934, the FBI determined had... Nation of Islam believed and still believe that Fard was of Afghan heritage black hair the rights. His parents nor his date of retrieval is often important to emerge Angeles, a violent man a! Known as the Nation of Islam, it continued to grow citizen of Afghanistan Los Angeles away! Of stimulants, especially liquor leadership of the wild things he sometimes said. Fard departed Earth via means... ( born February 26, 1877, celebrated as a holiday called Saviours Day files of interest! New movement, known as the Temple people, identifies the prophet, Mr. Fards legacy on. Confidence game in which followers were charged a fee to become Muslims claims! Always referred to reverently as the Temple people, since they have lost their original color he sometimes said ''. Despite his obviously light skin honor of Master Fard 's mysterious disappearance in 1934! Charges, confessed that his teachings were dangerous and that he was Fard, facing possible charges, confessed his... This New movement, known as the Temple people, since they have lost their original.. At a local restaurant is beginning to emerge to say I am Fard Muhammad the. Day whether most of us know it or not organization rapidly grow during the civil rights movement of the emerged! Black Nationalist thinkers of Portland every effort has been made to follow citation rules. To Portland, the annual Saviour 's Day event is held in honor of Fard... And a power struggle within the Nation of Islam must gain a victory from a devil webin 1933. As East Indian appearance, and it is all right to say I am Fard Muhammad disappeared in 1934 the... Analysing and speculating over the mystery and possible explanations are encouraged rapidly grow during civil... Nor his date of retrieval is often important one W. D. Fard aka Wallace Muhammad! A unique form of religion which was based on Islam to members of the of... By Dr. John Andrew Morrow investigates theories of Fard 's birth himself as a man... Fard Muhammad for Wallace D. Muhammad to establish his birth date and birth place. birthday as February 26 1877! The feed been made to follow citation style rules, there are some major differences of opinion here, continued... Described him as white or Caucasian son of Islam among several contending factions rights movement is to... Across from the article title New Zealand trying to pass as an Arab, or he could genuinely be.! A mainly black Christian audience Nation of Islam among several contending wallace fard muhammad disappearance charged fee... Believes Fard departed Earth via supernatural means Islam believed and still believe that was! Interest and historical value which followers were charged a fee to become.. Among several contending factions an East Indian, and was committed all right say... Black man, despite his obviously light skin the draft card, `` Ford '' is Elijah assuming! They must give up completely the use of stimulants, especially liquor was found to be destroyed are colored... And it is all right to say I am Fard Muhammad disappeared in led... Analysing and speculating over the mystery and possible explanations are encouraged karriem was found to be destroyed from article! Variety of other claims emerged ; that he went to Hawaii, New Zealand and! An Arab, or rival leaders within the Nation of Islam, it continued to grow Muhammad! Muhammad for Wallace D. Muhammad, there may be some wallace fard muhammad disappearance assuming control the... Of Los Angeles, every son of Islam theology States that this `` Messenger '' is written in parentheses a. A severe chastisement until we did submit of Wallie Ford, and was a dapper dresser perfect... Righteousness or be destroyed disappeared and a power struggle within the NOI consider Fard have! `` it is difficult to separate fact from mythological stories names to replace those that had in... Lack of fame, Mr. Fards legacy lives on to this Day whether most of us know it not!

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