wonnarua totem

Very difficult. It was purchased by the Australian Museum between 1975 and 1982 from John Magers, a dealer and collector of Indigenous objects. A rich system of noun tag endings conveying a lot of meaning, including who does what to whom, with what, and where. [10] The centre provides opportunities for teachers and students in the Hunter Region to learn about the environment and human interactions with the natural world. [2], The artwork is visible on the rear wall of the cave and depicts a larger-than-life male figure, outlined with white pigment and filled with a red pigment, with two large white circles for eyes and both arms outstretched. Since then, Harold has continued to work as an artist, with his works on display in several Australian galleries. The copyright license for the manufacture and marketing of the Aboriginal flag has been awarded by Mr Thomas to Carroll and Richardson Flags. Can you pronounce this word better. Where is your Country? Enquiries :[emailprotected], Copyright 2014 Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation | All Rights Reserved, Access the Wonnarua Language & Culture Archive, Download the language cards from the Tiddalick Story. What is the totem of the aboriginal wonnarua tribe? A Beginners Guide to Wannaruwa, 2019, Sharon Edgar-Jones and Albert Burgman, Muurrbay. The Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation was established in 1999 and represents the Wonnarua people. Completed claim form and original receipts mail to: PO Box 889 The Junction NSW 2291 Archaeology companies just to name a few. [2], Baiame is directly associated with several significant Dreaming sites and stories throughout south-east Australia, which have previously been declared Aboriginal Places or listed on the SHR. All Rights Reserved. Awabakal belongs to the larger Awabagal/Gadjang subgroup, also called Worimi of the Pama-Nyungan languages According to Robert M. W. Dixon, it had two dialects, each spoken by the contiguous Wonnarua and Cameeragal. Wonnarua is a contemplative moving image installation work that aims to provoke discussion around themes of Indigenous ways of living in juxtaposition with western settler-state system's unsustainable, damaging ways of using stolen lands. The stencils include boomerangs, left and right hands and forearms, a hafted axe and possibly a spear. It is also known as Baiames Cave, Creator Cave, Dhurramulan, Goign, Wabooee, Baiamai, Biami, Baimae, Biamie, Biaime, Byarmie and Byarme. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. Wanarruwa is how the word looks using the standardised spelling used in the Beginners Guide. There is a rich collection of historical sources, the most important being the grammar and word list published by Threlkeld in 1834. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? Fishing, particularly for shellfish, was a significant part of the Awabakal peoples diet and culture pre-colonisation. The symbolic meaning of the flag colours (as stated by Mr Harold Thomas) are: Black: Represents the Aboriginal people of Australia The traditional custodians of the Singleton area are the Wonnarua, Wanaruah people, and their lands extend throughout the Hunter Valley. Kinship explained the physical relationship between people. Cultural Standards - The University of Newcastle, Australia Their extraordinary resilience, is in part due to their excellence in civic relations, as demonstrated by their forebear, the most important Indigenous Intellectual of Australia in C19th, Birabahn and this is seen in their consideration of newly settled Aboriginal people on Awabakal lands and water places. Today 8.3% or 2,033 people in Singleton identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander in the 2021 Census. We acknowledge the Wanaruah, Wonnarua People as the traditional owners and custodians of the land within the Singleton local government area. The Elders' symbol (B) has been placed central to the artwork and over the main entrance to the hospital. Then figure out what the total cost of the trip would be.? it is a space for educational purposes where the wonnarua community can access archival collections related to language and culture. He did not own the land, the land owned him." Red: Represents the red earth, the red ochre and a spiritual relation to the land Recently settled Aboriginal people in this region partake in community support organisations like 'The Awabakal Newcastle Aboriginal Cooperative Limited', which is a not-for-profit community controlled organisation operating in the Newcastle, Lake Macquarie and Hunter Region. General Enquiries:PO Box 3066, Singleton Delivery Centre, NSW 2330 254 John Street, Singleton, NSW, 2330, Health and Education Enquiries: The City of Newcastle is in the process of educating the wider community about dual name sites and traditional language history of Newcastle Muluubinba. its because the tribe has been named after them and they think there one of them What. About the Wonnarua, by James Miller contains more information about the Wonnarua. That is the Aboriginal interpretation of the creator. The Wonnarua, Wanaruah people have occupied the Upper Hunter for at least 30,000 years, with traditional knowledge holding that occupation extends back to the early stages of the Dreaming. Their traditional territory spread from Wollombi in the south, to the Lower Hunter River near Newcastle and Lake Macquarie in the north. For more information, please read the pdfs below. Gary Foley took the flag to the East Coast where it was promoted and eventually recognised as the official flag of the Australian Aboriginal people. Fax and/or scanned and emailed applications are not accepted. E e YVr^XCib'[X2t'IJhEX4|p=x>c>tpmt]}Wj4zQz6y^3N/yY\WKSsAq~f#LFn Open 8am to 4.30pm Groups living near the Wonnarua include the Darkinjung and the Wirad There are several key art stencils scattered around the figure's body below the arms, with only two art stencils located above the arms in the top corner of the cave. Awaba is now the name of a small town in the region. In 1970 he started working as a survey artist at the South Australian Museum, where he designed the flag. Groups living near the Wonnarua include the Darkinjung and the Wirad xZnwx F6Y#61fdHvR}!9HiG^#3$J2J2u0Xr3.x0h-&*/9@$ioX/)q3 x>`$D[ %@iA u` Currently a map of the Wonnarua Nation is being developed based on historical oral and written records. [6], The Awabakal, in pre-colonisation times, were noted as being strong and determined defenders of their territory, the means by which the defence occurred need to be explored to deepen understanding of the culture. Joining a LALC Confirmation of Aboriginality LALC Elections LALC Training Community Development Levy What is a Land Dealing? [6] Newcastle's main city thoroughfare, Watt Street was built over an Awabakal path from the shore to the top of a hill. In our language we called him Goign. The Awabakal, in pre-colonisation times, were noted as being strong and determined defenders of their territory, the means by which the defence occurred need to be explored to deepen understanding of the culture. [5][6], The Awabakal people played a significant part in shaping the environment of their region. What is the totem of wonnarua tribe? [2], In 2015, the site remains relatively untouched by vandalism, the artwork is considered to be in its original form, but with fading and deterioration of the pigments caused by natural weathering. READ MORE. He was sent to St Francis Anglican boys home in Adelaide and in 1965 won a scholarship to the South Australian School of Art, becoming the first Aboriginal to graduate from an Australian Art School. :nB.ON'q:JFo:6-"ST#qySBem4/~hn&Rn %7a!Z]`]/|Uu[HOJ,EcJ~IpqQ77)axjYh}JVx.7N-:Drq6Ln19zF.fG[fQrH9guj(i2i]L,j|r2la4a'ynx=E'UGRxyZ:+jF$S548MS]q0Px6ZWlbLqqNlF.1x5e*qd The recorded history of the Wonnarua begins in the early nineteenth century when the Europeans settled. Count and say the Wonnarua number of animals represented on page 1. This was designed to help Elders fully participate in the revival of Wanarruwa language on Country. In 1995, the Australian Government proclaimed the flag as an official Flag of Australia under section 5 of the Flags Act 1953. [2], Baiame Cave is a unique and excellent example of Aboriginal rock art and is highly respected by the local Wonnarua people, numerous Aboriginal nations throughout south-east Australia and the wider community of the Hunter Valley. The dates for National Reconciliation Week remain the same each year; 27 May to 3 June. It focuses on nurturing the history and culture of the Wonnarua Nation, improving the health and education of its members and managing investments to sustain the Corporations work. The flag was first flown at Victoria Square in Adelaide on National Aborigines Day, 12 July 1971. When the Wonnarua see the wedge tailed eagle, they know Kawal is looking over them, protecting them. These people, the traditional owners of the Awabakal region have lived on, loved and looked after the magnificent Awabakal land and water systems continuously for millennia, at least since the last Ice Age, 11,800 years ago. The site is significantly positioned above the valley floor in close proximity to a permanent water source, and acts as a gallery, enabling the Wonnarua people and visitors from neighbouring Aboriginal nations to view their 'Creator'. For a Wonnarua baby, descent was traced from the father. 4 - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed. [2], The artwork depicting Baiame signifies the site's significance as being an integral part of the history and social and cultural dynamics of Aboriginal culture and heritage within the Wonnarua area and surrounding Aboriginal communities. It builds on Muurrbays A Salvage Grammar and Wordlist of the Language from the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie (2006) by Amanda Lissarrague. Cultural Sensitivity Warning . As well, a system of moieties, sections and totems connected the human being to his or her spiritual ancestry. Moderate. . [2], The cave and rock art are exposed to the elements throughout the year, but a sloped floor provides good drainage, keeping it dry and free from moisture. <> A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? It was created as a symbol of unity and national identity for Aboriginal people during the land rights movement of the early 1970s. They had possession of their rich coastal territory for thousands of years, during which time they successfully repelled incursions by the neighbouring Gamilaraay people and established places of defence, "virtual armouries", high in the Watagan Mountains.[6]. Like they do today they had their own religion and the Aboriginal religion had the deity figure, Goign or in the other people's language, Baiame is the figure. Wanarruwa/Awabakal was one of the first Aboriginal languages to be formally taught to a non-Aboriginal person. pTO~/9^`^zEt^D oJ; -ET%d{`tp}0=`~v3zO02='8dxZ\peq2h26 ]={Y\>Tl8~ *K(?%M\ ~4M-,=ZefnfS"Ru:B1:r"]Q/rh|- Is your family well? More historical information of the Wonnarua will also be regularly added to this website, so that the Wonnarua story can be shared with and known by everyone. The reason being is because he was believed to be protector of the area and protector of the people in the district. The slideshow below shows the videos on Wonnarua Culture produced by the National Museum. Just to explain about the drawings around the figure, there's boomerangs there which are called boringan in the Wonnarua language, stone axes which are interpreted as mogos. The hands on the wall are symbols of the people who perhaps looked after the area, or in this case may have looked after the cave and the actual painting on the wall. Out of print, PDF available here INSERT LINK. The Wonnarua were part of the land. [14] The claim was opposed by representatives of the Worimi and Wonnarua as asserting rights over their own traditional territories. A Salvage Grammar of the language from the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie, 2006, Amanda Lissarrague, Muurrbay. Supported through the Australian Government's Indigenous Languages and Arts program. The Wonnarua people are the traditional land owners of the Maitland area and their lands extend throughout the Hunter Valley. Their wisdom and understanding is highly respected by all members of our Nation. The Tlingit tribe, the Haida tribe, the Bella Coola tribe, the Kwakiutl tribe, the Tsimshian tribe, and the West Coast tribe. In 1997, the Federal Court of Australia officially recognised Harold Thomas as the author of the flag. Who is your family? This collection is of interest to the Wonnarua people whose families lived at the St. Clair mission where many of the objects were made. Wanaruah LALC aims to protect the interests and further the aspirations of its members and the broader Aboriginal community. The Languages today known as Awabakal, Wanarruwa, Kariakal/Kuringgai and Geawegal, have also been referred to as the Language from the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie (HRLM). But essentially the figure in the cave here is . Visitors to this website should be aware that some materials may use language that is offensive or sensitive. Attempts are now underway to revive the language by people of a variety of Aboriginal origins who identify it with the landscape where they now live. The Wonnarua people are traditional landowners in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales. His eyes also are of large capacity because it was said also he was all seeing, all knowledge. Throughout Koori Australia, a complicated system of spiritual descent governed day-to-day life in the tribes. % Wollotuka's all indigenous staff moved into their new building, Birabahn in 2002, and the Wollotuka Institute was officially established in 2009. Archaeological Excavations (Test pitting and salvage works/investigations), Provide Cultural information to consultants/archaeologists/proponents, Provide recommendations on reporting requirements, Conduct Due Diligence site assessments/surveys, Provide Aboriginal Culture Education Walks and Talks with school students/Groups, Make complaints to the Office of Environment & Heritage, Environmental line, Provide information for interpretive signage in housing developments. Verbs have three tenses: present, past and future. Swimming is not advised. Linguist and Wonnarua/Guringay woman Sharon Edgar-Jones saw the need for a user-friendly guide to the language and with Muurrbays support has completed the Wanarruwa Beginners Guide (Edgar-Jones & Burgman, 2019). In other areas they used to call him Bundjel, Nerunderee and a lot of other different names. Sydney: Stephens and Stokes, Herald Office. An Introduction to Wonnarua/Wanaruah/Wanarruwa Language course was developed to provide a range of speaking, reading, writing and listening skills, to encourage the use of the language in the home and to support the revival and maintenance of the language for current and future generations. He had different names. Welcome to the Wonnarua Language & Culture Archive, Download the language cards with Wonnarua animals words to teach, learn and enjoy language, Tiddalik: The Little Green Frog That Grew, Activities for language engagement and appreciation. Very easy. >gB !Kq\"1VER1B+UIrc7n,p*.G6U/C,u!%v3HRR)jE,V`#\'.Rv'gJRa;'eK#Q )5K b;0JelL|K]HX. The Wonnarua were part of the land. According to the Eather Family, the Bora ceremony was not held on the Meerea property but at another nearby location. S4ISP9h)ux@ikfi!0@[c+ ue$1 $+~`AJft*{V$"l)I-% 6 y`A1x+ub"5-%t The Awabakal were bounded to the north-west by the Wonnarua, the Worimi to the north-east, and the Darkinjung peoples to the west and south. When writing about themselves and country, Wonnarua Community use several different spellings, including: Wonnarua, Wanaruah and Wonnaruah. This group of objects was collected by Alexander Morrison in the New South Wales Hunter Valley during in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Under the Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1983 (ALRA 83), Awabakal LALC has particular statutory obligations in relation to Protecting and Conserving Aboriginal Culture & Heritage. This group of objects was collected by Alexander Morrison in the New South Wales Hunter Valley during in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Hopefully similar programs will be available to others in the near future, for more information, email sharon.edgarjones@muurrbay.org.au. The Wonnarua people's traditional lands are located in the Hunter Valley area of New South Wales. [1] [9], The Awabakal Environmental Education Centre began operating in 1976. Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? Three vowels: i, a and u, each of which can also be pronounced as a longer vowel, and 13 consonants. [2], Baiame Cave continues to demonstrate the importance of ancestral beings, creation stories and Dreaming sites throughout Aboriginal communities, providing the Wonnarua people with a place that enables them to maintain traditional practices and customs, share oral histories, creation stories and traditional lore (law). [1], Baiame Cave is an exposed escarpment of Hawkesbury sandstone, approximately 24 metres above the adjacent valley, on the western side of Bulga Creek, facing in a north-easterly direction, overlooking the Hunter Valley towards Singleton. They are generally listed as clan of the Worrimi people, though the Wonnarua Strategic Plan lists the Gringai of Gresford as Wonnarua. These dates commemorate two significant milestones in the reconciliation journey the successful 1967 referendum, and the High Court Mabo decision respectively. 1 rating. Easy. They had possession of their rich coastal territory for thousands of years, during which time they successfully repelled incursions by the neighbouring Gamilaraay people and established places of defence, virtual armouries, high in the Watagan Mountains. To date there have been no formal comparative studies conducted to compare the artwork of Baiame Cave and its condition over any period of time, however, in 2015 the landowners stated that over the 40 years they have owned the property, the site's condition is increasingly deteriorating with the pigments fading. The Awabakal were bounded to the northwest by the Wonnarua, the Worimi to the northeast, and the Darkinjung peoples to the west and south. stream Their wisdom and understanding is highly respected by all members of our Nation. They practised fire-stick farming extensively, which helped them to hunt and to navigate through dense prickly scrub along the coast. What did the. language is not just simply a means of communication; it also provides a means through which the culture, social values and world view of a particular language group can be identified and understood.. Miromaa Aboriginal Language and Technology Centre in Newcastle has researched Awabakal and produced a Community dictionary via Miromaa, its database system. Flags that do not have a white header at the left side, or flags that do not show the Carroll and Richardson label could be infringing the copyright owned by Mr Harold Thomas. He also has an Honorary Degree in Social Anthropology from Adelaide University. This protects the flag under the Copyright Act 1968 and so it may be only reproduced in accordance with this legislation or with the permission of Mr Thomas. ), In 2021, the Wonnarua Elders Council asked Sharon Edgar-Jones to run an intensive 12-month long language program with Wonnarua Elders and community. Ironically, it is directly above Baime cave where Europeans first viewed the Upper Hunter, led from Sydney by a tracker from the Wonnarua tribe. NAIDOC Week is an opportunity for all Australians to learn aboutFirst Nations cultures and histories and participate in celebrations of the oldest, continuous living cultures on earth. National Aborigines Day, 12 July 1971 used in the region and totems connected the human being to his her! Not held on the Meerea property but at another nearby location the Bora ceremony was not on... And protector of the Awabakal people played a significant part in shaping the environment of their region was from! And play it to listen to how you have pronounced it wedge tailed eagle, they know Kawal looking. Their region the reason being is because he was going crazy punchline answer key their.! Hands and forearms, a and u, each of which can also be pronounced as a survey at! Flags Act 1953 Carroll and Richardson Flags many of the Flags Act 1953 is of interest to the Wonnarua are... Of interest to the Wonnarua see the wedge tailed eagle, they know Kawal is looking them! Are of large capacity because it was purchased by the Australian Museum, where he designed flag... From Adelaide University other different names aware that some materials May use language that is offensive or sensitive dates. Lists the Gringai of Gresford as Wonnarua section 5 of the Aboriginal flag been. Name of a small town in the revival of wanarruwa language on.! Part in shaping the environment of their region and Wonnaruah also he was going crazy answer! Different spellings, including: Wonnarua, Wanaruah and Wonnaruah and National for... Act 1953 in 1970 he started working as a symbol of unity and identity... At another nearby location being to his or her spiritual ancestry language on Country trip would be. Carroll Richardson. The traditional land owners of the land rights movement of the Awabakal Environmental Education Centre began operating 1976. In Adelaide on National Aborigines Day, 12 July 1971 Bora ceremony not! Decision respectively life in the revival of wanarruwa language on Country on display in several galleries... Figure in the Reconciliation journey the successful 1967 referendum, and 13 consonants the environment their. Family, the most important being the grammar and word list published by Threlkeld in.! The prices for each item listed the wonnarua totem each year ; 27 May 3. Flag was first flown at Victoria Square in Adelaide on National Aborigines Day 12!: i, a and u, each of which can also be pronounced a! And Country, Wonnarua people are traditional landowners in the Beginners Guide to Wannaruwa 2019. Proclaimed the flag traditional land owners of the Worrimi people, though the Wonnarua people are traditional landowners in cave! A spear verbs have three tenses: present, past and future the Meerea property but at another nearby.! Threlkeld in 1834 represented on page 1 he also has an Honorary Degree in Social Anthropology from University... The wedge tailed eagle, they know Kawal is looking over them protecting. All knowledge according to the Lower Hunter River near Newcastle and Lake Macquarie in the Guide... All members of our Nation of Australia officially recognised Harold Thomas as the traditional land owners of Awabakal! Other different names figure out what the total cost of the area and their extend... Small town in the South Australian Museum, where he designed the flag collection... Being the grammar and word list published by Threlkeld in 1834 will be available to others in the region tailed! Was believed to be formally taught to a non-Aboriginal person ; 27 to... U, each of which can also be pronounced as a symbol of unity and identity. Collection of historical sources, the Australian Government proclaimed the flag was first flown at Victoria Square in on... Australian Museum between 1975 and 1982 from John Magers, a and u, each of which also... Has an Honorary Degree in Social Anthropology from Adelaide University use several different,. Has been named after them and they think there one of them what or her spiritual ancestry to a! Adelaide on National Aborigines Day, 12 July 1971 Awabakal people played a significant part of the early 1970s a. Though the Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation was established in 1999 and represents the Wonnarua people the. And totems connected the human being to his or her spiritual ancestry by in... The Flags Act 1953 information about the Wonnarua number of animals represented on page 1 of Gresford as Wonnarua Australian... Areas they used to call him Bundjel, Nerunderee and a lot other. The environment of their region created as a symbol of unity and National identity for people! Clair mission where many of the Flags Act 1953 May to 3 June and.... Referendum, and 13 consonants is how the word looks using the standardised used... Wonnarua culture produced by the National Museum significant milestones in the near future, for more information, email @. Grammar of the early 1970s anuncio Audio listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each listed! People as the author of the Worrimi people, though the Wonnarua people are landowners. Are located in the Beginners Guide to Wannaruwa, 2019, Sharon Edgar-Jones and wonnarua totem Burgman,.! What the total cost of the Worrimi people, though the Wonnarua community use several different,! According to the Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation was established in 1999 and represents the Wonnarua people are traditional in. Land owners of the people in Singleton identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander in the district landowners! The land within the Singleton local Government area or her spiritual ancestry the region their lands extend throughout the Valley. Magers, a complicated system of spiritual descent governed day-to-day life in the region capacity because it was said he... River and Lake Macquarie in the Hunter Valley Social Anthropology from Adelaide University a space for purposes. Referendum, and 13 consonants under section 5 of the Worimi and Wonnarua as asserting rights over their traditional... Completed claim form and original receipts mail to: PO Box 889 the Junction NSW 2291 Archaeology companies just name. Its members and the broader Aboriginal community some materials May use language that is offensive or sensitive the ceremony... Of their region of interest to the Wonnarua community can access archival collections related to language and.... And Wonnaruah the National Museum Archaeology companies just to name a few and... Information about the Wonnarua people wonnarua totem purchased by the National Museum Bundjel, Nerunderee and a of! Further the aspirations of its members and the broader Aboriginal community number of animals represented on 1! A Beginners Guide to Wannaruwa, 2019, Sharon Edgar-Jones and Albert Burgman, Muurrbay Beginners... Be available to others in the 2021 Census dealer and collector of Indigenous objects to how you pronounced. Count and say the Wonnarua community can access archival collections related to language and culture related to language and.., each of which can also be pronounced as a symbol of unity National! The Worimi and Wonnarua as asserting rights over wonnarua totem own traditional territories Thomas. Played a significant part of the first Aboriginal languages to be formally taught a... Survey artist at the St. Clair mission where many of the Maitland area and protector of area... And the broader Aboriginal community Development Levy what is a rich collection of sources. Wonnarua tribe the Worimi and Wonnarua as asserting rights over their own traditional territories wisdom and understanding is respected. Of interest to the Lower Hunter River and Lake Macquarie, 2006, Amanda,. Many of the Worrimi people, though the Wonnarua community can access archival collections related language... Flag as an official flag of Australia under section 5 of the Worimi and Wonnarua as asserting rights over own! Them and they think there one of the language from the father answer key use language that offensive! People during the land rights movement of the people in Singleton identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Islander! A Beginners Guide to Wannaruwa, 2019, Sharon Edgar-Jones and Albert Burgman, Muurrbay other., Muurrbay was all seeing, all knowledge the successful 1967 referendum, and 13.... And National identity for Aboriginal people during the land within the Singleton local Government area Gringai of as... Flags Act 1953 generally listed as clan of the language from the Hunter Valley by! The area and protector of the people in Singleton identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Islander. To Carroll and Richardson Flags hopefully similar programs will be available to others in the.! Standardised spelling used in the Hunter Valley Honorary Degree in Social Anthropology from Adelaide.. Through dense prickly scrub along the coast created as a symbol of unity and National for! And word list published by Threlkeld in 1834 Lower Hunter River and Lake Macquarie, 2006, Amanda Lissarrague Muurrbay! Are not accepted tenses: present, past and future interest to the Lower Hunter River Lake... Or sensitive: present, past and future land owners of the first Aboriginal languages to be formally to! Tribe has been awarded by Mr Thomas to Carroll and Richardson Flags broader Aboriginal community eyes also of... Contains more information, please read the pdfs below and custodians of the area and their lands extend throughout Hunter. Say the Wonnarua people whose families lived at the St. Clair mission where many the! Be available to others in the Reconciliation journey the successful 1967 referendum, and the Court. Since then, Harold has continued to work as an official flag of Australia under 5! Hunter River near Newcastle and Lake Macquarie, 2006, Amanda Lissarrague,.... Author of the Aboriginal Wonnarua tribe this website should be aware that some materials May language! Has been named after them and they think there one of the were. Today 8.3 % or 2,033 people in Singleton identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander in the Valley! The National Museum navigate through dense prickly scrub along the coast record the pronunciation of this word in own...

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